Penentu Implementasi Skrining Hipotiroidisme Kongenital di Kalangan Ibu dengan Bayi Baru Lahir
Kata Kunci:
skrining hipotiroid kongenital, demografi, pengetahuan, dukungan keluargaAbstrak
Kejadian hipotiroid kongenital (HK) di Indonesia diperkirakan mencapai 1 dari 1.500 kelahiran hidup, secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada di negara-negara tetangga seperti Singapura, Malaysia, dan Vietnam. Meskipun ada upaya Kementerian Kesehatan untuk menerapkan skrining hipotiroid kongenital (SHK) sebagai bagian dari layanan kesehatan ibu dan anak, cakupan nasional program tetap terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan SHK pada ibu yang memiliki bayi baru lahir. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sekarwangi Kabupaten Sukabumi pada tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dan sampling acak proporsional untuk mengumpulkan data dari 291 responden. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa hanya variabel pekerjaan ibu, waktu tempuh, dan jarak ke fasilitas kesehatan yang berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan SHK (p<0.05). Hasil analisis multivariat mendapatkan p value variabel pekerjaan p=0,016, PR=3.433 (1.261-9.352), variabel pendapatan p=0,045, PR=2.348 (1.020-5.405), status perkawinan p=0,023, PR=7.720 (1.324-45.027), variabel Keterjangkauan akses fasilitas kesehatan (jarak) p= <-0.001 dengan PR= 2.055 (1.428-2.957). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel keterjangkauan akses fasilitas kesehatan (jarak) merupakan faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan SHK pada bayi baru lahir, diikuti oleh variabel pekerjaan, pendapatan, dan status perkawinan. Upaya peningkatan akses layanan kesehatan diperlukan, seperti pengadaan program layanan kesehatan keliling dan edukasi berbasis digital, untuk memperluas cakupan skrining.
Unduhan
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