Analysis of Stroke Prevention Measures in Hypertension Patients
Keywords:
hypertension, knowledge, attitude, stroke, ageAbstract
One of the non-communicable diseases that has become a major health problem in Indonesia is hypertension which can lead to dangerous complications such as stroke. Stroke patients often experience death and may also suffer from disability, so the preventions are urgently required. The purpose of this study was to identify stroke prevention practices among patients with hypertension. This research employed a cross-sectional design with a sample of 107 hypertension patients visiting the Cipayung Health Centre. The study was conducted from May to September 2024. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analysed through univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariate (logistic regression test) analysis. Based on the research findings, most respondents had good stroke prevention practices (70.1%). The variables that showed a significant association with stroke prevention practices were education (p=0.049; OR=2.603), knowledge (p=0.0001; OR=16.611), sources of information (p=0.033; OR=5.455), family support (p=0.001; OR=5.455), and support from health workers (p=0.047; OR=2.737). Age (p=0.813), gender (p=0.720), and attitude (p=0.115) were not statistically associated. The dominant factor was knowledge (OR=14.788), meaning that hypertensive patients with high knowledge were 14.788 times more likely to engage in stroke prevention practices compared to those with low knowledge, after controlling for family support and health worker support. Community health centers as primary healthcare facilities should implement various health programs that support efforts of non-communicable diseases preventions, such as health education, community service activities, and medical check-ups.
Downloads
References
Astawan. (2017). Cegah Hipertensi dengan Pola Makan. http://www.depkes.go.id/index.php?option=article&ask=viewarticle&artid=20 &itemid=3
Ademuyiwa, I. Y., & Okubadejo, N. U. (2021). Effect of a nurse-led secondary stroke prevention intervention on medium-term stroke outcome in a teaching hospital in Nigeria: A quasi-experimental study. Journal of Clinical Sciences 18(3), 168-173.
Alhowaymel, F. M., Abdelmalik, M. A., Mohammed, A. M., Mohamaed, M. O., & Alenezi, A. (2023). Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Hypertensive Patients Towards Stroke Prevention Among Rural Population in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nurs. 2023 Jan 8;9.
Ardiansyah, M. (2012). Medikal Bedah. Yogyakarta: DIVA Press.
Bushnell, C. e. (2021). Guideline for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. https://www.ahajournals.org.
Bustan, M. (2015). Epidemiologi : penyakit tidak menular. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
CDC. (2024). Preventing Stroke. https://www.cdc.gov/stroke/prevention/index.html.
Corwin. (2009). Hipertensi. Jakarta: EGC.
Damanik, H. (2018). Hubungan Pengetahuan Penderita Hipertensi Tentang Stroke dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Stroke di Puskesmas Helvetia Medan Tahun 2016. Jurnal Keperawatan Priority, Vol 1, No. 1, 73-84.
Damanik, H. (2018). Hubungan Pengetahuan Penderita Hipertensi Tentang Stroke Dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Stroke di Puskesmas Helvetia Medan Tahun 2016. Jurnal Keperawatan Priority, Vol 1, No. 1, 73-84.
Ditjen PPM Kemenkes RI. (2017, Oktober 25). Germas Cegah Stroke. Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Ferawati, S., Ika, R., Salma, A., & Yayuk, I. (2020). Stroke: Bukan Akhir Segalanya (Cegah dan Atasi Sejak Dini). Guepedia.
Gofir, A. (2021). Tatalaksana Stroke dan Penyakit Vaskuler Lainnya. Yogyakarta: UGM Press.
Green, L. (1980). Health Promotion Planning: An Educational and Environmental Approach. Palo Alto: CA: Mayfield Publishing Company.
Gunarsa. (2018). Psikologi Perawatan. Jakarta: Gunung Mulia.
Hariyanti, T., Pitoyo, A., & Rezkiah, F. (2020). Mengenal Stroke dengan Cepat (Buku Saku Lansia). Malang: Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang.
Husnaniyah, D., Hidayatin, T., & Handayani, E. J. (2020). Perilaku Pencegahan Stroke Pada Penderita Hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jatibarang Indramayu. Jurnal STIKes Indramayu.
Jumarni, Susanti, R., & Sunarti, S. (2015). Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Upaya Pencegahan Stroke pada Penderita Hipertensi di Puskesmas Segiri Samarinda. Jurnal STIKes Muhammadiyah Samarinda.
Kemenkes RI. (2017). Germas Cegah Stroke. DKI Jakarta, DKI Jakarta.
Kemenkes RI. (2023). Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) Tahun 2023. Jakarta.
Kemenkes RI. (2024, Mei 18). Bahaya Hipertensi, Upaya Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Hipertensi. Jakarta.
Khairatunnisa, S. D. (2017). Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stroke pada Pasien di RSU H. Sahudin Kutacane Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara. Jurnal JUMANTIK.
Maluwa, C. (2025). Determinants of hypertension-related knowledge, attitude, and practices among caregivers. Heliyon.
Mutiarasari, D. (2019). Ischemic Stroke: Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Prevention. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Medika Tadulako, 36–44.
Nabyl, R. (2012). Deteksi Dini Gejala Pengobatan Stroke. Yogyakarta: Aulia Publishing.
Notoatmodjo, S. (2017). Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Nursalam. (2017). Metodologi Penelitian Ilmu Keperawatan (4th ed). Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Okechukwu, E. E., Esther, E. N., Azubuike, O. V., Okwudili, O. A., Ifeoma, M. A., Evelyn, O. H., . . . Christain, U. C. (2024). Attitude Towards Knowledge and Practice of Preventive Strategies of Stroke Among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 9. No. 2 www.iiardjournals.org, 42-58.
Pothiban, L., & Srirat, C. (2019). Association between stroke knowledge, stroke awareness, and preventive behaviors among older people: A cross-sectional study. . Nurs Health Sci. 2019 Sep;21(3), 399-405.
Puspita, E., Oktaviarini, E., & Santik, Y. (2017). Peran Keluarga Dan Petugas Kesehatan Dalam Kepatuhan Pengobatan Penderita Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Gunungpati Kota Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Vol. 12 (2), 25-32.
Putra, S. A., Notoatmodjo, S., & Sulistyowati, Y. (2023). Aktifitas Fisik Menjadi Faktor Dominan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Pasien Rawat Jalan di Puskesmas Kecamatan Cipayung Periode Januari-April Tahun 2023. Jurnal Untuk Masyarakat Sehat (JUKMAS) Vol. 7, No. 2 Oktober 2023 , 173-183.
Safitri, W., Agustin, W. R., & Murharyati, A. (2020). Pengetahuan Dengan Motivasi Pencegahan Stroke Pada Penderita Hipertensi. Adi Husada Nursing Journal Vol 6 No 1, 45-51.
Safwan, Iskandar, Haddad, & etal. (2024). Assessing the efficacy of an educational video on stroke knowledge in Lebanon: a single-arm interventional study. BMC Public Health 24, 3019 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20552-3.
Sari, A., & Budiono, I. (2021). Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19. Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition Vol. 1 No. 1, 50-61.
Sudiantara, K., Gama, I. K., & Swandewi, I. A. (2017). Sosiodemografi Dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Stroke. Jurnal Jurusan Keperawatan Politeknik Kesehatan Denpasar.
Suparyanto. (2012). Konsep Pengetahuan.
Suseno, P. (2013, Oktober 12). Guideline Stroke 2011.
Tunkl, C., Paudel, R., Tunkl, L. T., Jalan, P., & A Chandra, e. a. (2023). Are digital social media campaigns the key to raise stroke awareness in low-and middle-income countries? A study of feasibility and cost-effectiveness in Nepal. PLoS ONE 18(9): e0291392. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291392.
Waluya, A., & Saputra, R. R. (2020). Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Upaya Pencegahan Stroke Pada Lansia. Jurnal Kesehatan Aeromedika – Poltekes TNI AU Ciumbuleuit Bandung Volume VI – No. 2, 1-10.
Watung, G. I. (2021). Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Dengan Upaya Pencegahan Stroke Pada Pasien Hipertensi di Ruangan Poli Syaraf RSUD Kota Kotamobagu. Community of Publishing In Nursing (COPING) Volume 9, Nomor 1, 119-126.
Wei, X., Xu, M., & Zhou, K. (2023). Determinants Influencing Health-Promoting Behaviors in Individuals at High Risk of Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study. Health Education & Behavior. https://journals.sagepub.com.
WHO. (2005). The WHO STEPwise approach to Stroke Surveillance. WHO.
WHO. (2017). Pedoman Hidup Sehat. Jakarta: UNICEF.
Woldetsadik, F. K., Kassa, T., Bilchut, W. H., Kibret, A. k., Guadie, Y. G., & Eriku, G. A. (2022). Stroke Related Knowledge, Prevention Practices and Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021. Front. Neurol., 19 April 2022.
Yaslina, Murni, L., & Najwa, L. (2019). Hubungan Karakteristik Individu Dan Dukungan Sosial Dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Stroke. Prosiding Seminar Kesehatan Perintis Vol. 2 No. 1 (pp. 86-93). Padang: STIKes Perintis Padang.
Yueniwati, Y. (2016). Memahami Stroke Hemoragik. Malang: Universitas Brawijaya Press.
Yueniwati, Y. (2016). Memahami Stroke Iskemia. Malang: Universitas Brawijaya Press.
