Initial Pre-Hospital Assessment in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: Systematic Review
Keywords:
Initial assessment, pre-hospital, acute coronary syndrome, emergency treatmentAbstract
Some previous acute coronary syndrome (ACS) studies have focused on educational interventions or general management of ACS, without reviewing the key role of systematic early assessment in reducing morbidity and mortality. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of initial assessment in improving early response and clinical outcomes in ACS patients in pre-hospital care. A systematic review was conducted on 16 articles obtained from five databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ProQuest. Keywords used in the literature search included “initial assessment,” “Pre hospital,” and “Acute coronary syndrome (ACS),” with a publication range between 201 and 2024. The initial search yielded 88 articles. After removing duplicates and screening based on inclusion criteria as well as selection by title, abstract, and full text, 16 articles were included in the final analysis. Article quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) appraisal tool. The analysis showed that a systematic and timely initial assessment significantly improves diagnostic speed, accuracy of early intervention, and reduces mortality and complications in ACS patients. Ongoing training for pre-hospital healthcare providers, standardized treatment protocols, and inter-system emergency care collaboration are essential to improve overall clinical outcomes. This review recommends integrating initial assessment as a key component of pre-hospital services and cardiovascular emergency management strategies.
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References
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