Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam Pelayanan Keperawatan: Studi Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33746/fhj.v10i01.556Keywords:
artificial intelligence, pelayanan keperawatan, studi literatur, machine learningAbstract
Penelitian tentang artificial intelligence (AI) dalam layanan kesehatan telah meningkat dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. Hal ini menunjukkan potensi besar dalam meningkatkan kualitas perawatan. Namun, penerapan AI dalam keperawatan menimbulkan kekhawatiran terkait bias data dan dampak potensial bagi pasien. Selain itu penelitian terkait AI dan manfaatnya dalam keperawatan masih terbatas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjabarkan hasil penelitian terkait teknologi AI dalam pelayanan keperawatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah literature review. Pencarian terhadap studi-studi yang relevan dilakukan di beberapa database yaitu PUBMED, Scopus dan Google Scholar dengan kata kunci serta istilah yang terkait dengan keperawatan, artificial intelligence, dan machine learning dalam rentang tahun 2012-2022. Kriteria inklusi meliputi penelitian pengembangan atau validasi teknologi berbasis AI yang digunakan dalam layanan keperawatan dan desain studi, termasuk eksperimental atau observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif, atau gabungan keduanya. Sedangkan kriteria ekslusi yaitu artikel yang tidak relevan dengan keperawatan, non-eksperimental, non-observasional, atau artikel tinjauan literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari total 3713 paper yang ditemukan hanya 10 paper yang masuk dalam kriteria. Penggunaan AI dalam pelayanan keperawatan dapat memberikan banyak manfaat tetapi juga memerlukan pertimbangan yang matang. Oleh karena itu, lebih banyak penelitian diperlukan untuk mengatasi tantangan yang dihadapi dan untuk memaksimalkan potensi AI dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan keperawatan.
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